Suchergebnisse

Once upon a time, a Professor of European Institutions, at least if a lawyer by training, could simply assert that the European Communities are based on the rule of law, that they create institutions with autonomous powers, which are able to issue legislation binding as law throughout every member State of the Community, and that they create courts which have power to exercise judicial control over a complex network of relationships between the Community institutions, the member States and private citizens. While these statements are still true, however, they must now be laced in a rather more complex context. Furthermore, there is a contrast between on the one hand the intensification (to borrow a word from the Common Agricultural Policy) of certain fundamenta s of the EC legal order in the recent case law of the European Court, and on the other hand attempts by member States to escape this through non-EC forms of cooperation in the framework of the European Union, the development of the idea that not all the rules of the EC Treaty apply to all the member States, and the entry by the majority of the member States into a separate Treaty, the Schengen Agreement, dealing with matters which might be thought to fall under the EC Treaty or the Home Affairs and Justice pillar of the Treaty on European Union—all of which might generically be referred to as variable geometry. In the other direction, it may be observed that large amounts of substantive

Die EG-Verträge enthalten nicht ausdrücklich jegliche Vollmacht, die für das Funktionieren der Gemeinschaften notwendig ist, sondern erlauben dem Ministerrat, legislativ tätig zu werden, wenn die Gemeinschaftsziele es erfordern. Die Bewertung der rechtlichen Folgen der EG-Kompetenz hat zwei Theorien hervorgebracht: die Kompatibilitätstheorie (nationale Gesetzgebung ist möglich, wenn sie die Gemeinschaftsziele nicht beeinträchtigt) und die Exklusivitätstheorie (ohne spezielle Ermächtigung durch die EG keine nationale Gesetzgebung). Die Inhalte der Gemeinschaftsziele entwickeln sich fort mit Auswirkungen auf die EG-Kompetenzen. Deren Anerkennung durch die Mitglieder und ihre Durchsetzung wird anhand der Rechtsprechung des EuGH überprüft. (AuD-Lut)